RESTORATION OF GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE ACTIVITY, NITRIC OXIDE LEVELS AND AMELIORATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS BY PROPOLIS IN KAINIC ACID MEDIATED EXCITOTOXICITY

Authors

  • Mummedy Swamy
  • Wan Norlina
  • Wan Azman
  • Dian Suhaili
  • K. N. Sirajudeen
  • Zulkarnain Mustapha
  • Chandran Govindasamy

Keywords:

Nitric oxide, Glutamine Synthetase, Oxidative Stress, Excitotoxicity, Propolis, Rat Brain.

Abstract

Background: Propolis has been proposed to be protective on neurodegenerative disorders. To understand the neuroprotective effects of honeybee propolis, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were studied in different brain regions- cerebral cortex (CC), cerebellum (CB) and brain stem (BS) of rats supplemented with propolis and subjected to kainic acid (KA) mediated excitotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups; Control group and KA group received vehicle and saline. Propolis group and propolis + KA group were orally administered with propolis (150mg/kg body weight), five times every 12 hours. KA group and propolis + KA group were injected subcutaneously with kainic acid (15mg/kg body weight) and were sacrificed after 2 hrs and CC, CB and BS were separated homogenized and used for estimation of GS activity, NO, TBARS, and TAS concentrations by colorimetric methods. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, reported as mean + SD from 6 animals, and p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: NO was increased (p< 0.001) and GS activity was decreased (p< 0.001) in KA treated group compared to control group as well as propolis + KA treated group. TBARS was decreased and TAS was increased (p< 0.001) in propolis + KA treated group compared KA treated group. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrated the restoration of GS activity, NO levels and decreased oxidative stress by propolis in kainic acid mediated excitotoxicity. Hence the propolis can be a possible potential candidate (protective agent) against excitotoxicity and neurodegenerative disorders.

Author Biography

Mummedy Swamy

Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Downloads

Published

2014-01-23

How to Cite

Swamy, M., Norlina, W., Azman, W., Suhaili, D., Sirajudeen, K. N., Mustapha, Z., & Govindasamy, C. (2014). RESTORATION OF GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE ACTIVITY, NITRIC OXIDE LEVELS AND AMELIORATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS BY PROPOLIS IN KAINIC ACID MEDIATED EXCITOTOXICITY. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 11(2), 458–463. Retrieved from https://athmsi.org/journals/index.php/ajtcam/article/view/2352

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2014)

Section

Research Papers

License

Copyright: Creative Commons Attribution CC.

This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. View License Deed | View Legal Code Authors can also self-archive their manuscripts immediately and enable public access from their institution's repository. This is the version that has been accepted for publication and which typically includes author-incorporated changes suggested during submission, peer review and in editor-author communications.